Sisteme de întreținere a solului

Soil Maintenance Systems and Methods for Improving the Air–Water and Nutrient Regime, Water and Mineral Element Relationships in the Soil–Plant–Atmosphere System

Objectives:

- Quantification of the main components of the hydrological regime; water relationships within the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum (SPAC), particularly water movement in the soil: hydraulic conductivity, infiltration, redistribution, internal drainage, evaporation; plant water consumption (PR-1, Sentek 2000, soil water potential sensors), localized and sprinkler irrigation techniques.
- Monitoring of the nutritional regime in soil and plant for developing fertilization formulas: doses, timing, and methods of application.
- Adaptation of the most modern fertigation technologies applied in Romania and in countries with advanced agriculture, in order to ensure balanced nutrition in orchards, under the constraints of limiting the negative effects of current and forecasted climate change for the next 50 years.
- Alternative fertilization systems with low environmental impact.
- Technological nutrition sequences adapted to the requirements of organic fruit growing.

Achievements::

- Technological sequences concerning water consumption of fruit trees and soil maintenance methods in orchards established on clay–illuviated soils.
- Optimized technological sequences for soil (fertigation) and foliar fertilization in temperate fruit species: products, timing, and doses.
- Solutions for irrigation of fruit species: timing, watering norms, and application methods.
- Technological sequence for the use of municipal sludge in fruit growing.
- Technology for producing biochar through carbonization of plant residues and its application in fruit crops.