{"id":11772,"date":"2019-02-26T13:28:03","date_gmt":"2019-02-26T11:28:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/icdp.ro\/?page_id=11772"},"modified":"2024-05-03T13:08:37","modified_gmt":"2024-05-03T10:08:37","slug":"mentinerea-si-exploatarea-biodiversitatii-pomicole","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/icdp.ro\/en\/cercetare\/genetica-si-ameliorare\/mentinerea-si-exploatarea-biodiversitatii-pomicole\/","title":{"rendered":"Maintaining and exploiting fruit trees biodiversity"},"content":{"rendered":"

IDENTIFICATION, COLLECTION, PRESERVATION, STUDY AND USE OF APPLE, PEAR, PLUM, CHERRY AND SOUR CHERRY GERMOPLASM<\/strong><\/p>\n

Objectives <\/u><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Organizing of the \u201eex situ\u201d collections;ex situ<\/em>\u201d;<\/li>\n
  2. Preservation of genotypes at the biologic potential and conservation of biodiversity;<\/li>\n
  3. Evaluation of the agronomic traits;<\/li>\n
  4. Permanent enrichment of the collections with species and cultivars from our country and abroad;<\/li>\n
  5. Identification of genitors for breeding programs according to general and specific objectives;<\/li>\n
  6. Creating and updating the database.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Achievements<\/u><\/p>\n

    a) Inventory of accessions from collections.<\/strong> The gene bank within this laboratory comprises: 594 apple genotypes, 196 pear genotypes, 11 quince genotypes, 440 plums, 176 sweet cherries and 144 sour cherries. This germplasm fund, a true national treasure, is recognized and appreciated internationally, most of the genotypes being registered in the European catalogs (EURISCO catalog), and the Romanian researchers are involved in the IPGRI Malus<\/em>\/Pyrus<\/em> and Prunus<\/em>.<\/p>\n

    The situation of germplasm fund from Genetics and Breeding Department<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    No. crt.<\/strong><\/td>\nSpecies<\/strong><\/td>\nTotal number of accessions <\/strong><\/td>\nNumber of species<\/strong><\/td>\nNumber of autochthonous varieties<\/strong><\/td>\nNumber of foreign varieties<\/strong><\/td>\nNumber of vaieties evaluated<\/strong><\/td>\nYear of esthablishment<\/strong><\/td>\nSurface (ha)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1<\/strong><\/td>\nApple tree<\/td>\n594<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n73<\/td>\n521<\/td>\n200<\/td>\n2010<\/td>\n1,30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2<\/strong><\/td>\nPear tree<\/td>\n196<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n67<\/td>\n129<\/td>\n80<\/td>\n2009<\/td>\n0,38<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    3<\/strong><\/td>\nGutui<\/td>\n11<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n2022<\/td>\n0,05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    4<\/strong><\/td>\nPlum tree<\/td>\n440<\/td>\n9<\/td>\n172<\/td>\n268<\/td>\n200<\/td>\n2019
    \n2020
    \n2021<\/td>\n    		1,60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    5<\/strong><\/td>\nCherry tree<\/td>\n176<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n133<\/td>\n117<\/td>\n2013<\/td>\n1,54<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    6<\/strong><\/td>\nVi\u015fin<\/td>\n144<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n54<\/td>\n90<\/td>\n54<\/td>\n2010<\/td>\n0,65<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
     <\/strong><\/td>\nTotal<\/strong><\/td>\n1.561<\/strong><\/td>\n27<\/strong><\/td>\n416<\/strong><\/td>\n1.145<\/strong><\/td>\n655<\/strong><\/td>\n <\/strong><\/td>\n5,52<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

    b) Creating, preserving and maintaining the genetic resource:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                - establishment the fruit trees collections (apple - 594 accessions, pear - 196 accessions, quince - 11, plum - 440, sweet cherry - 176 and sour cherry - 144);
    \n            \u2013 Enrichment of the germplasm fund with new foreign varieties (from the Republic of Belarus, Bulgaria, Latvia, Serbia, the Czech Republic, the Republic of Moldova, Germany and France);
    \n            - preserving and maintaining the biological potential of species, 1,561 genotypes, which occupies the area of 5.52 ha.<\/p>\n

    c) Evaluation of accessions to the descriptors IPGRI, ROMA and UPOV (for harmonizing the data according to the methodological practices of the U.E):<\/strong><\/p>\n

                - evaluation of 655 genotypes following the useful characters of breeding programs;
    \n            - choice of potential genitors for the breeding and preparation of recommended character lists (resistance to biotic and abiot stress, quality, productivity, self -fertility, etc.);<\/p>\n

                - organization of exhibitions, panel test and visits in the pomological collections;
    \n            - completing the European and national database by introducing the evaluated accessions.<\/p>\n

    Researchers<\/strong> <\/u><\/p>\n

    PhD. M\u0103d\u0103lina Militaru<\/a> \u2013 apple, pear and quince (madalinabutac@yahoo.com<\/a>)
    \n    PhD. biol. Madalina Militaru<\/a> \u2013 apple and pear (madamilitaru77@yahoo.com<\/a>)
    \n    Eng. Eugenia Mare\u0219i <\/a> \u2013 apple and pear (genimaresi@gmail.com<\/a>)
    \n    Biolog Adelina Stan<\/a> \u2013 apple and pear (adelinastan@yahoo.com<\/a>)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n